Industrialization

Industrialization refers to the transformation of economies from agrarian-based systems to those dominated by industry and manufacturing. This process involves technological advancements, increased mechanization, and the establishment of factories, which fundamentally change social structures and everyday life. Industrialization leads to urbanization, as populations migrate from rural to urban areas in search of employment opportunities. It also results in changes in labor relations, social class structures, and family dynamics. In sociology, industrialization is crucial for understanding the development of capitalist economies, the rise of modern cities, and shifts in social inequalities. While industrialization boosts economic growth and technological progress, it can also contribute to environmental degradation and labor exploitation. The sociological study of industrialization provides insights into how economic changes shape cultural and social life.