Ableism

Ableism refers to the systemic discrimination, prejudice, and stereotyping against individuals with disabilities, favoring able-bodied norms and standards. It operates through cultural assumptions, institutional practices, and individual attitudes that marginalize, exclude, or devalue people with disabilities. Ableism manifests in inaccessible environments, stigmatizing language, and inequitable policies, perpetuating social and economic disparities. Rooted in the ideology of physical, sensory, and cognitive “normalcy,” ableism intersects with other forms of oppression, such as racism, sexism, and classism, to create compounded inequalities. Sociologists study ableism to challenge exclusionary practices, advocate for inclusive policies, and foster equitable social structures. Understanding ableism is essential for addressing disability justice, dismantling structural barriers, and promoting diversity and inclusion within societies.